Central Luzon State University
Science City of Muñoz 3120
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Instructional Module for the Course
FL 1101 (Spanish)
Module 1:
The Spanish Alphabet and Basic Expressions
Overview
In this module, we will focus on providing you an overview of the Spanish alphabet as well as the common expressions/greetings in the Spanish language.
As you complete this module, you are expected to know how to be able to recite the Spanish alphabet, use common Spanish expressions/ greetings and be able to introduce yourself in Spanish
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:
recite the Spanish alphabet
recite basic greetings/common expressions in Spanish
introduce yourself in Spanish
Discussion/Learning Activities
Language is connection. It is culture; it is life.
Learning other languages that are apart from one’s primary language would enable an individual to have a deeper understanding of one’s culture and that of others. Being able to communicate using another language encourages respect for other races – it fosters connection and understanding and allows people to expand their views of the world. It can put forth appreciation of the diversity of various cultures. And, in this time of pandemic, knowing another language can destroy the barriers between people – the barriers which can cause anxiety, distrust and fear.
Beyond academic and professional advancement, acquiring a second language allows an individual to be out of the confinements and narrowness of his own mind. It leads them out of the obscurity.
Furthermore, knowing other languages also gives a glimpse of the past: culturally and linguistically. It has uncovered the world’s histories. This is perchance the importance of learning a foreign language.
The Spanish Language
Recognized as either español or castellano, the Spanish language has its roots from the Iberian Peninsula in the region of Castile (Castilla in Spanish).
As mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language, the Spanish language is considered the third most spoken language in the world after Mandarin Chinese and English, according to the United Nations. It is also considered an official language in 20 countries and is one of the official languages of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico (Worden, 2015).
Learning the Spanish language is vital not only for expression of the self, for communication with various personalities or for career advancement but to allow an individual to be able to explore the diverse cultures where this rich, beautiful language is spoken.
Spanish- Speaking Countries
FluentU (https://www.fluentu.com/) has listed 20 Spanish-speaking countries in the globe. Below is a list of the Spanish- speaking countries and their capital cities:
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – La Paz, Sucre
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
Ecuador – Quito
El Salvador – San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Mexico – Mexico Cit
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Spain – Madrid
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
***Puerto Rico – San Juan – this Caribbean island is a territory of the United States
The Spanish Alphabet
(taken from Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide by Kattan-Ibarra and Pountain, 2003)
The Spanish Alphabet has 27 letters. [Hay 27 letras en el alfabeto español.]
These are the same 26 letters in the English alphabet but with the addition of the letter ñ:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Letter/Symbol
Name
Pronunciation
Examples
Notes/Comments
Aa
A
Ah
ama
Bb
Be
Be
bueno
Cc
Ce
(che)
Se
caro
encia
cuando
hecho
Dd
De
De
duro
Ee
E
Eh
merece
Ff
Efe
Efe
fama
Gg
Ge
He
gama
Hh
Hache
Atche
haba
hombre
*h is silent
Ii
I
I
mito
Jj
Jota
Hota
eje
Kk
Ka
Ka
kilo
Ll
Elle
Ele
leche
Mm
Eme
Eme
madre
Nn
Ene
Ene
vano
Ññ
Enye
Enye
señor
Oo
O
O
ojo
Pp
Pe
Pe
paso
Cu
Ku
queso
Rr
Ere
Ere
pero
Ss
Ese
Ese
paso
Tt
Te
Te
teme
Uu
U
U
fuma
Vv
Uve
Ube
vuelo
valor
vivir
“V” has the same pronunciation with “B”
Ww
Uve Doble /
Doble uve
Doble be
water
whisky
Xx
Equis
Ekis
examen
Yy
I griega
I griega
trayendo
Zz
Zeta
Ceta
zona
*Notes from Prof. Marilyn Proctor (2020)
*Ll – Double L may be pronounced as eh-ye, el-ye, eh-je depending on the location.
Eh-ye is for the United States, Latin America, and the northern and southern parts of Spain.
El-ye is used in central Spain specifically in Madrid and the outlying areas.
Eh-je may be heard in Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.
*Rr- In pronouncing double R, it is important to pronounce it with a double rolling R to make the distinction because pronouncing them similarly will create ambiguity.
For example: pero (but) and perro (dog)
VOWELS
It was mentioned by Worden (2015) that the pronunciation of Spanish words is simpler than the pronunciation of words in the English language. The language learner produces the sound of the letter and keeps the sound short and uniform.
Furthermore, it was said that there are sounds in the Spanish language which are nonexistent in the English language. These can become a challenge to the learner as she begins learning Spanish.
The five vowels which are a, e, i, o, u has to be produced with just one sound in Spanish – just a short sound which stays from the start to finish, as mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language.
“A” – is seen as the easiest sound to create. This is the found in the common Spanish word “casa”.
“E” – creates the sound when the English word “bake” is pronounced except that it is not “eyyy” and does not close off at the end like in the English language.
“I” – creates the sound found in the English word “fee” but not pronounced as “iyyy”.
“O” – is much like the sound produced in the English word “toll” and not “owwww”.
“U” – makes the sound produced in “rule.”
Basic Expressions in Spanish
(From Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language)
Among the very common greetings in Spanish are hola (hello); ¿Qué tal? (How’s it going?); and ¿Cómo estás? and ¿Cómo está usted? (How are you?). ¿Cómo estás? is the informal way to say “How are you?” to someone. ¿Cómo está usted? also asks “How are you?” but is used with someone you address formally (Worden, 2015).
There are three ways to introduce yourself:
Me llamo Katrina (I call myself Katrina, or My name is Katrina])
Soy Katrina (I am Katrina);
Mi nombre es Katrina (My name is Katrina).
Common expressions used when you meet someone for the first time:
mucho gusto (nice to meet you);
encantado (pleased to meet you, masculine form);
encantada (pleased to meet you, feminine form);
Es un placer (It’s a pleasure);
Igualmente (likewise).
Greetings dependent on the time of day include:
buenos días or buen día (good morning);
buenas tardes (good afternoon)
buenas noches (good evening, or good night)
Ways to say “goodbye” include:
adiós (goodbye);
chao (bye);
hasta luego (see you later);
hasta mañana (see you tomorrow);
hasta pronto (see you soon)
nos vemos (see you)
Here are other common expressions:
Spanish
English
hola
hello
¿Qué tal?
How’s it going?
¿Cómo estás?
How are you? (informal, singular)
¿Cómo está usted?
How are you? (formal, singular)
¿Cómo están ustedes?
How are you? (formal, plural)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y tú?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(informal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y usted?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y ustedes?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, plural)
buenos días
good morning
buen día
good morning
buenas tardes
good afternoon
Me llamo….
My name is…
Soy….
I am…
Mi nombre es….
My name is…
¿Cómo te llamas?
What’s your name? (informal,
Singular)
¿Cómo se llama usted?
What’s your name? (formal,
Singular)
mucho gusto
nice to meet you
bien
well
Estoy bien.
I’m well.
mal
not well
Estoy mal.
I’m not well.
regular
so-so
más o menos
so-so
no muy bien
not very well
encantado
pleased to meet you (speaker
masculine)
encantada
pleased to meet you (speaker
feminine)
Es un placer
It’s a pleasure.
igualmente
likewise
gracias
thank you
muy
very
muy bien, gracias
very well, thank you
bastante bien
just fine
bienvenidos
welcome (plural)
adiós
goodbye
chao
bye
hasta luego
see you later
hasta mañana
see you tomorrow
hasta pronto
see you soon
nos vemos
see you
si
yes
nose
I don’t know.
De nada
You are welcome.
Que te vaya bien
Have a nice day.
Cuídate/Cuídese
Take care.
nunca
never
Con permiso/ Perdón/ Disculpe
Excuse me
Forms of Address
Spanish
English
Señora
Mrs. / Ms. / Ma’am
Señorita
Miss
Señor
Mister/Sir
Señorito
Single male
Profesor/Profesora
Professor
Maestro/Maestra
Teacher
Don/Doña
Sir/Madam
Chico(s)/Chica(s)
Guy/Guys
Guapo(s)/Guapa(s)
Mister/Miss (Spain)
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are used in both Spanish and English sentences (Nissenberg, 2018):
la coma comma
las comillas quotation marks
dos puntos colon
el paréntesis parenthesis
el punto y coma semicolon
el punto period
el signo de admiración exclamation point
el signo de exclamación exclamation point
el signo de interrogación question mark
ACTIVITY:
Write the words that have been spelled for you.
che – i – ce – o _________________________
zeta – a – pe – a – te – o __________________________________
u – ene – i – uve – e – ere – ese – i – de – a – de ________________
E – ese – pe – a – eñe – a __________________________________
hache – e – ere – eme – a – ene – o __________________________
Spell the following names:
Jose Dalisay ___________________________________
Kerima Polotan ________________________________
Pablo Neruda __________________________________
Haruki Murakami _______________________________
Miguel de Cervantes_____________________________
III.
Spell your name in Spanish.
Dictate your e-mail in Spanish
Introduce yourself in Spanish.
Work in pairs. Create a simple conversation with your classmate using at least four common expressions in Spanish. Present in class.
Suggested Readings/Video Links:
The Spanish Alphabet Song
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fporIAdys9A
The Alphabet | El Abecedario en Español | Alfabeto | Learn Spanish | Free Spanish Classes | Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWPuU5QyQDk
Essential Words in Spanish | Everyday Words | Vocabulary | Spanish Lessons | Palabras en Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZincdK3v8wU
References
Kattan-Ibarra, J., & Pountain, C. J. (2003). Modern Spanish Grammar A Practical Guide . New York: Routledge.
Nissenberg, G. (2018). Complete Spanish All-in-One. McGraw-Hill Education.
Worden, B. (2015). Learning Spanish How To Understand and Speak a New Language. Virginia: The Teaching Company.
Page 3 of 3[supanova_question]
FL 2 (Spanish) Central Luzon State University Science City of Muñoz 3120
FL 2 (Spanish)
Central Luzon State University
Science City of Muñoz 3120
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Instructional Module for the Course
FL 1101 (Spanish)
Module 1:
The Spanish Alphabet and Basic Expressions
Overview
In this module, we will focus on providing you an overview of the Spanish alphabet as well as the common expressions/greetings in the Spanish language.
As you complete this module, you are expected to know how to be able to recite the Spanish alphabet, use common Spanish expressions/ greetings and be able to introduce yourself in Spanish
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:
recite the Spanish alphabet
recite basic greetings/common expressions in Spanish
introduce yourself in Spanish
Discussion/Learning Activities
Language is connection. It is culture; it is life.
Learning other languages that are apart from one’s primary language would enable an individual to have a deeper understanding of one’s culture and that of others. Being able to communicate using another language encourages respect for other races – it fosters connection and understanding and allows people to expand their views of the world. It can put forth appreciation of the diversity of various cultures. And, in this time of pandemic, knowing another language can destroy the barriers between people – the barriers which can cause anxiety, distrust and fear.
Beyond academic and professional advancement, acquiring a second language allows an individual to be out of the confinements and narrowness of his own mind. It leads them out of the obscurity.
Furthermore, knowing other languages also gives a glimpse of the past: culturally and linguistically. It has uncovered the world’s histories. This is perchance the importance of learning a foreign language.
The Spanish Language
Recognized as either español or castellano, the Spanish language has its roots from the Iberian Peninsula in the region of Castile (Castilla in Spanish).
As mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language, the Spanish language is considered the third most spoken language in the world after Mandarin Chinese and English, according to the United Nations. It is also considered an official language in 20 countries and is one of the official languages of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico (Worden, 2015).
Learning the Spanish language is vital not only for expression of the self, for communication with various personalities or for career advancement but to allow an individual to be able to explore the diverse cultures where this rich, beautiful language is spoken.
Spanish- Speaking Countries
FluentU (https://www.fluentu.com/) has listed 20 Spanish-speaking countries in the globe. Below is a list of the Spanish- speaking countries and their capital cities:
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – La Paz, Sucre
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
Ecuador – Quito
El Salvador – San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Mexico – Mexico Cit
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Spain – Madrid
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
***Puerto Rico – San Juan – this Caribbean island is a territory of the United States
The Spanish Alphabet
(taken from Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide by Kattan-Ibarra and Pountain, 2003)
The Spanish Alphabet has 27 letters. [Hay 27 letras en el alfabeto español.]
These are the same 26 letters in the English alphabet but with the addition of the letter ñ:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Letter/Symbol
Name
Pronunciation
Examples
Notes/Comments
Aa
A
Ah
ama
Bb
Be
Be
bueno
Cc
Ce
(che)
Se
caro
encia
cuando
hecho
Dd
De
De
duro
Ee
E
Eh
merece
Ff
Efe
Efe
fama
Gg
Ge
He
gama
Hh
Hache
Atche
haba
hombre
*h is silent
Ii
I
I
mito
Jj
Jota
Hota
eje
Kk
Ka
Ka
kilo
Ll
Elle
Ele
leche
Mm
Eme
Eme
madre
Nn
Ene
Ene
vano
Ññ
Enye
Enye
señor
Oo
O
O
ojo
Pp
Pe
Pe
paso
Cu
Ku
queso
Rr
Ere
Ere
pero
Ss
Ese
Ese
paso
Tt
Te
Te
teme
Uu
U
U
fuma
Vv
Uve
Ube
vuelo
valor
vivir
“V” has the same pronunciation with “B”
Ww
Uve Doble /
Doble uve
Doble be
water
whisky
Xx
Equis
Ekis
examen
Yy
I griega
I griega
trayendo
Zz
Zeta
Ceta
zona
*Notes from Prof. Marilyn Proctor (2020)
*Ll – Double L may be pronounced as eh-ye, el-ye, eh-je depending on the location.
Eh-ye is for the United States, Latin America, and the northern and southern parts of Spain.
El-ye is used in central Spain specifically in Madrid and the outlying areas.
Eh-je may be heard in Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.
*Rr- In pronouncing double R, it is important to pronounce it with a double rolling R to make the distinction because pronouncing them similarly will create ambiguity.
For example: pero (but) and perro (dog)
VOWELS
It was mentioned by Worden (2015) that the pronunciation of Spanish words is simpler than the pronunciation of words in the English language. The language learner produces the sound of the letter and keeps the sound short and uniform.
Furthermore, it was said that there are sounds in the Spanish language which are nonexistent in the English language. These can become a challenge to the learner as she begins learning Spanish.
The five vowels which are a, e, i, o, u has to be produced with just one sound in Spanish – just a short sound which stays from the start to finish, as mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language.
“A” – is seen as the easiest sound to create. This is the found in the common Spanish word “casa”.
“E” – creates the sound when the English word “bake” is pronounced except that it is not “eyyy” and does not close off at the end like in the English language.
“I” – creates the sound found in the English word “fee” but not pronounced as “iyyy”.
“O” – is much like the sound produced in the English word “toll” and not “owwww”.
“U” – makes the sound produced in “rule.”
Basic Expressions in Spanish
(From Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language)
Among the very common greetings in Spanish are hola (hello); ¿Qué tal? (How’s it going?); and ¿Cómo estás? and ¿Cómo está usted? (How are you?). ¿Cómo estás? is the informal way to say “How are you?” to someone. ¿Cómo está usted? also asks “How are you?” but is used with someone you address formally (Worden, 2015).
There are three ways to introduce yourself:
Me llamo Katrina (I call myself Katrina, or My name is Katrina])
Soy Katrina (I am Katrina);
Mi nombre es Katrina (My name is Katrina).
Common expressions used when you meet someone for the first time:
mucho gusto (nice to meet you);
encantado (pleased to meet you, masculine form);
encantada (pleased to meet you, feminine form);
Es un placer (It’s a pleasure);
Igualmente (likewise).
Greetings dependent on the time of day include:
buenos días or buen día (good morning);
buenas tardes (good afternoon)
buenas noches (good evening, or good night)
Ways to say “goodbye” include:
adiós (goodbye);
chao (bye);
hasta luego (see you later);
hasta mañana (see you tomorrow);
hasta pronto (see you soon)
nos vemos (see you)
Here are other common expressions:
Spanish
English
hola
hello
¿Qué tal?
How’s it going?
¿Cómo estás?
How are you? (informal, singular)
¿Cómo está usted?
How are you? (formal, singular)
¿Cómo están ustedes?
How are you? (formal, plural)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y tú?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(informal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y usted?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y ustedes?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, plural)
buenos días
good morning
buen día
good morning
buenas tardes
good afternoon
Me llamo….
My name is…
Soy….
I am…
Mi nombre es….
My name is…
¿Cómo te llamas?
What’s your name? (informal,
Singular)
¿Cómo se llama usted?
What’s your name? (formal,
Singular)
mucho gusto
nice to meet you
bien
well
Estoy bien.
I’m well.
mal
not well
Estoy mal.
I’m not well.
regular
so-so
más o menos
so-so
no muy bien
not very well
encantado
pleased to meet you (speaker
masculine)
encantada
pleased to meet you (speaker
feminine)
Es un placer
It’s a pleasure.
igualmente
likewise
gracias
thank you
muy
very
muy bien, gracias
very well, thank you
bastante bien
just fine
bienvenidos
welcome (plural)
adiós
goodbye
chao
bye
hasta luego
see you later
hasta mañana
see you tomorrow
hasta pronto
see you soon
nos vemos
see you
si
yes
nose
I don’t know.
De nada
You are welcome.
Que te vaya bien
Have a nice day.
Cuídate/Cuídese
Take care.
nunca
never
Con permiso/ Perdón/ Disculpe
Excuse me
Forms of Address
Spanish
English
Señora
Mrs. / Ms. / Ma’am
Señorita
Miss
Señor
Mister/Sir
Señorito
Single male
Profesor/Profesora
Professor
Maestro/Maestra
Teacher
Don/Doña
Sir/Madam
Chico(s)/Chica(s)
Guy/Guys
Guapo(s)/Guapa(s)
Mister/Miss (Spain)
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are used in both Spanish and English sentences (Nissenberg, 2018):
la coma comma
las comillas quotation marks
dos puntos colon
el paréntesis parenthesis
el punto y coma semicolon
el punto period
el signo de admiración exclamation point
el signo de exclamación exclamation point
el signo de interrogación question mark
ACTIVITY:
Write the words that have been spelled for you.
che – i – ce – o _________________________
zeta – a – pe – a – te – o __________________________________
u – ene – i – uve – e – ere – ese – i – de – a – de ________________
E – ese – pe – a – eñe – a __________________________________
hache – e – ere – eme – a – ene – o __________________________
Spell the following names:
Jose Dalisay ___________________________________
Kerima Polotan ________________________________
Pablo Neruda __________________________________
Haruki Murakami _______________________________
Miguel de Cervantes_____________________________
III.
Spell your name in Spanish.
Dictate your e-mail in Spanish
Introduce yourself in Spanish.
Work in pairs. Create a simple conversation with your classmate using at least four common expressions in Spanish. Present in class.
Suggested Readings/Video Links:
The Spanish Alphabet Song
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fporIAdys9A
The Alphabet | El Abecedario en Español | Alfabeto | Learn Spanish | Free Spanish Classes | Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWPuU5QyQDk
Essential Words in Spanish | Everyday Words | Vocabulary | Spanish Lessons | Palabras en Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZincdK3v8wU
References
Kattan-Ibarra, J., & Pountain, C. J. (2003). Modern Spanish Grammar A Practical Guide . New York: Routledge.
Nissenberg, G. (2018). Complete Spanish All-in-One. McGraw-Hill Education.
Worden, B. (2015). Learning Spanish How To Understand and Speak a New Language. Virginia: The Teaching Company.
Page 3 of 3[supanova_question]
FL 2 (Spanish) Central Luzon State University Science City of Muñoz 3120
FL 2 (Spanish)
Central Luzon State University
Science City of Muñoz 3120
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Instructional Module for the Course
FL 1101 (Spanish)
Module 1:
The Spanish Alphabet and Basic Expressions
Overview
In this module, we will focus on providing you an overview of the Spanish alphabet as well as the common expressions/greetings in the Spanish language.
As you complete this module, you are expected to know how to be able to recite the Spanish alphabet, use common Spanish expressions/ greetings and be able to introduce yourself in Spanish
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:
recite the Spanish alphabet
recite basic greetings/common expressions in Spanish
introduce yourself in Spanish
Discussion/Learning Activities
Language is connection. It is culture; it is life.
Learning other languages that are apart from one’s primary language would enable an individual to have a deeper understanding of one’s culture and that of others. Being able to communicate using another language encourages respect for other races – it fosters connection and understanding and allows people to expand their views of the world. It can put forth appreciation of the diversity of various cultures. And, in this time of pandemic, knowing another language can destroy the barriers between people – the barriers which can cause anxiety, distrust and fear.
Beyond academic and professional advancement, acquiring a second language allows an individual to be out of the confinements and narrowness of his own mind. It leads them out of the obscurity.
Furthermore, knowing other languages also gives a glimpse of the past: culturally and linguistically. It has uncovered the world’s histories. This is perchance the importance of learning a foreign language.
The Spanish Language
Recognized as either español or castellano, the Spanish language has its roots from the Iberian Peninsula in the region of Castile (Castilla in Spanish).
As mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language, the Spanish language is considered the third most spoken language in the world after Mandarin Chinese and English, according to the United Nations. It is also considered an official language in 20 countries and is one of the official languages of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico (Worden, 2015).
Learning the Spanish language is vital not only for expression of the self, for communication with various personalities or for career advancement but to allow an individual to be able to explore the diverse cultures where this rich, beautiful language is spoken.
Spanish- Speaking Countries
FluentU (https://www.fluentu.com/) has listed 20 Spanish-speaking countries in the globe. Below is a list of the Spanish- speaking countries and their capital cities:
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – La Paz, Sucre
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
Ecuador – Quito
El Salvador – San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Mexico – Mexico Cit
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Spain – Madrid
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
***Puerto Rico – San Juan – this Caribbean island is a territory of the United States
The Spanish Alphabet
(taken from Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide by Kattan-Ibarra and Pountain, 2003)
The Spanish Alphabet has 27 letters. [Hay 27 letras en el alfabeto español.]
These are the same 26 letters in the English alphabet but with the addition of the letter ñ:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Letter/Symbol
Name
Pronunciation
Examples
Notes/Comments
Aa
A
Ah
ama
Bb
Be
Be
bueno
Cc
Ce
(che)
Se
caro
encia
cuando
hecho
Dd
De
De
duro
Ee
E
Eh
merece
Ff
Efe
Efe
fama
Gg
Ge
He
gama
Hh
Hache
Atche
haba
hombre
*h is silent
Ii
I
I
mito
Jj
Jota
Hota
eje
Kk
Ka
Ka
kilo
Ll
Elle
Ele
leche
Mm
Eme
Eme
madre
Nn
Ene
Ene
vano
Ññ
Enye
Enye
señor
Oo
O
O
ojo
Pp
Pe
Pe
paso
Cu
Ku
queso
Rr
Ere
Ere
pero
Ss
Ese
Ese
paso
Tt
Te
Te
teme
Uu
U
U
fuma
Vv
Uve
Ube
vuelo
valor
vivir
“V” has the same pronunciation with “B”
Ww
Uve Doble /
Doble uve
Doble be
water
whisky
Xx
Equis
Ekis
examen
Yy
I griega
I griega
trayendo
Zz
Zeta
Ceta
zona
*Notes from Prof. Marilyn Proctor (2020)
*Ll – Double L may be pronounced as eh-ye, el-ye, eh-je depending on the location.
Eh-ye is for the United States, Latin America, and the northern and southern parts of Spain.
El-ye is used in central Spain specifically in Madrid and the outlying areas.
Eh-je may be heard in Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.
*Rr- In pronouncing double R, it is important to pronounce it with a double rolling R to make the distinction because pronouncing them similarly will create ambiguity.
For example: pero (but) and perro (dog)
VOWELS
It was mentioned by Worden (2015) that the pronunciation of Spanish words is simpler than the pronunciation of words in the English language. The language learner produces the sound of the letter and keeps the sound short and uniform.
Furthermore, it was said that there are sounds in the Spanish language which are nonexistent in the English language. These can become a challenge to the learner as she begins learning Spanish.
The five vowels which are a, e, i, o, u has to be produced with just one sound in Spanish – just a short sound which stays from the start to finish, as mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language.
“A” – is seen as the easiest sound to create. This is the found in the common Spanish word “casa”.
“E” – creates the sound when the English word “bake” is pronounced except that it is not “eyyy” and does not close off at the end like in the English language.
“I” – creates the sound found in the English word “fee” but not pronounced as “iyyy”.
“O” – is much like the sound produced in the English word “toll” and not “owwww”.
“U” – makes the sound produced in “rule.”
Basic Expressions in Spanish
(From Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language)
Among the very common greetings in Spanish are hola (hello); ¿Qué tal? (How’s it going?); and ¿Cómo estás? and ¿Cómo está usted? (How are you?). ¿Cómo estás? is the informal way to say “How are you?” to someone. ¿Cómo está usted? also asks “How are you?” but is used with someone you address formally (Worden, 2015).
There are three ways to introduce yourself:
Me llamo Katrina (I call myself Katrina, or My name is Katrina])
Soy Katrina (I am Katrina);
Mi nombre es Katrina (My name is Katrina).
Common expressions used when you meet someone for the first time:
mucho gusto (nice to meet you);
encantado (pleased to meet you, masculine form);
encantada (pleased to meet you, feminine form);
Es un placer (It’s a pleasure);
Igualmente (likewise).
Greetings dependent on the time of day include:
buenos días or buen día (good morning);
buenas tardes (good afternoon)
buenas noches (good evening, or good night)
Ways to say “goodbye” include:
adiós (goodbye);
chao (bye);
hasta luego (see you later);
hasta mañana (see you tomorrow);
hasta pronto (see you soon)
nos vemos (see you)
Here are other common expressions:
Spanish
English
hola
hello
¿Qué tal?
How’s it going?
¿Cómo estás?
How are you? (informal, singular)
¿Cómo está usted?
How are you? (formal, singular)
¿Cómo están ustedes?
How are you? (formal, plural)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y tú?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(informal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y usted?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y ustedes?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, plural)
buenos días
good morning
buen día
good morning
buenas tardes
good afternoon
Me llamo….
My name is…
Soy….
I am…
Mi nombre es….
My name is…
¿Cómo te llamas?
What’s your name? (informal,
Singular)
¿Cómo se llama usted?
What’s your name? (formal,
Singular)
mucho gusto
nice to meet you
bien
well
Estoy bien.
I’m well.
mal
not well
Estoy mal.
I’m not well.
regular
so-so
más o menos
so-so
no muy bien
not very well
encantado
pleased to meet you (speaker
masculine)
encantada
pleased to meet you (speaker
feminine)
Es un placer
It’s a pleasure.
igualmente
likewise
gracias
thank you
muy
very
muy bien, gracias
very well, thank you
bastante bien
just fine
bienvenidos
welcome (plural)
adiós
goodbye
chao
bye
hasta luego
see you later
hasta mañana
see you tomorrow
hasta pronto
see you soon
nos vemos
see you
si
yes
nose
I don’t know.
De nada
You are welcome.
Que te vaya bien
Have a nice day.
Cuídate/Cuídese
Take care.
nunca
never
Con permiso/ Perdón/ Disculpe
Excuse me
Forms of Address
Spanish
English
Señora
Mrs. / Ms. / Ma’am
Señorita
Miss
Señor
Mister/Sir
Señorito
Single male
Profesor/Profesora
Professor
Maestro/Maestra
Teacher
Don/Doña
Sir/Madam
Chico(s)/Chica(s)
Guy/Guys
Guapo(s)/Guapa(s)
Mister/Miss (Spain)
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are used in both Spanish and English sentences (Nissenberg, 2018):
la coma comma
las comillas quotation marks
dos puntos colon
el paréntesis parenthesis
el punto y coma semicolon
el punto period
el signo de admiración exclamation point
el signo de exclamación exclamation point
el signo de interrogación question mark
ACTIVITY:
Write the words that have been spelled for you.
che – i – ce – o _________________________
zeta – a – pe – a – te – o __________________________________
u – ene – i – uve – e – ere – ese – i – de – a – de ________________
E – ese – pe – a – eñe – a __________________________________
hache – e – ere – eme – a – ene – o __________________________
Spell the following names:
Jose Dalisay ___________________________________
Kerima Polotan ________________________________
Pablo Neruda __________________________________
Haruki Murakami _______________________________
Miguel de Cervantes_____________________________
III.
Spell your name in Spanish.
Dictate your e-mail in Spanish
Introduce yourself in Spanish.
Work in pairs. Create a simple conversation with your classmate using at least four common expressions in Spanish. Present in class.
Suggested Readings/Video Links:
The Spanish Alphabet Song
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fporIAdys9A
The Alphabet | El Abecedario en Español | Alfabeto | Learn Spanish | Free Spanish Classes | Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWPuU5QyQDk
Essential Words in Spanish | Everyday Words | Vocabulary | Spanish Lessons | Palabras en Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZincdK3v8wU
References
Kattan-Ibarra, J., & Pountain, C. J. (2003). Modern Spanish Grammar A Practical Guide . New York: Routledge.
Nissenberg, G. (2018). Complete Spanish All-in-One. McGraw-Hill Education.
Worden, B. (2015). Learning Spanish How To Understand and Speak a New Language. Virginia: The Teaching Company.
Page 3 of 3[supanova_question]
FL 2 (Spanish) Central Luzon State University Science City of Muñoz 3120
Writing Assignment Help FL 2 (Spanish)
Central Luzon State University
Science City of Muñoz 3120
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Instructional Module for the Course
FL 1101 (Spanish)
Module 1:
The Spanish Alphabet and Basic Expressions
Overview
In this module, we will focus on providing you an overview of the Spanish alphabet as well as the common expressions/greetings in the Spanish language.
As you complete this module, you are expected to know how to be able to recite the Spanish alphabet, use common Spanish expressions/ greetings and be able to introduce yourself in Spanish
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:
recite the Spanish alphabet
recite basic greetings/common expressions in Spanish
introduce yourself in Spanish
Discussion/Learning Activities
Language is connection. It is culture; it is life.
Learning other languages that are apart from one’s primary language would enable an individual to have a deeper understanding of one’s culture and that of others. Being able to communicate using another language encourages respect for other races – it fosters connection and understanding and allows people to expand their views of the world. It can put forth appreciation of the diversity of various cultures. And, in this time of pandemic, knowing another language can destroy the barriers between people – the barriers which can cause anxiety, distrust and fear.
Beyond academic and professional advancement, acquiring a second language allows an individual to be out of the confinements and narrowness of his own mind. It leads them out of the obscurity.
Furthermore, knowing other languages also gives a glimpse of the past: culturally and linguistically. It has uncovered the world’s histories. This is perchance the importance of learning a foreign language.
The Spanish Language
Recognized as either español or castellano, the Spanish language has its roots from the Iberian Peninsula in the region of Castile (Castilla in Spanish).
As mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language, the Spanish language is considered the third most spoken language in the world after Mandarin Chinese and English, according to the United Nations. It is also considered an official language in 20 countries and is one of the official languages of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico (Worden, 2015).
Learning the Spanish language is vital not only for expression of the self, for communication with various personalities or for career advancement but to allow an individual to be able to explore the diverse cultures where this rich, beautiful language is spoken.
Spanish- Speaking Countries
FluentU (https://www.fluentu.com/) has listed 20 Spanish-speaking countries in the globe. Below is a list of the Spanish- speaking countries and their capital cities:
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – La Paz, Sucre
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
Ecuador – Quito
El Salvador – San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Mexico – Mexico Cit
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Spain – Madrid
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
***Puerto Rico – San Juan – this Caribbean island is a territory of the United States
The Spanish Alphabet
(taken from Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide by Kattan-Ibarra and Pountain, 2003)
The Spanish Alphabet has 27 letters. [Hay 27 letras en el alfabeto español.]
These are the same 26 letters in the English alphabet but with the addition of the letter ñ:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Letter/Symbol
Name
Pronunciation
Examples
Notes/Comments
Aa
A
Ah
ama
Bb
Be
Be
bueno
Cc
Ce
(che)
Se
caro
encia
cuando
hecho
Dd
De
De
duro
Ee
E
Eh
merece
Ff
Efe
Efe
fama
Gg
Ge
He
gama
Hh
Hache
Atche
haba
hombre
*h is silent
Ii
I
I
mito
Jj
Jota
Hota
eje
Kk
Ka
Ka
kilo
Ll
Elle
Ele
leche
Mm
Eme
Eme
madre
Nn
Ene
Ene
vano
Ññ
Enye
Enye
señor
Oo
O
O
ojo
Pp
Pe
Pe
paso
Cu
Ku
queso
Rr
Ere
Ere
pero
Ss
Ese
Ese
paso
Tt
Te
Te
teme
Uu
U
U
fuma
Vv
Uve
Ube
vuelo
valor
vivir
“V” has the same pronunciation with “B”
Ww
Uve Doble /
Doble uve
Doble be
water
whisky
Xx
Equis
Ekis
examen
Yy
I griega
I griega
trayendo
Zz
Zeta
Ceta
zona
*Notes from Prof. Marilyn Proctor (2020)
*Ll – Double L may be pronounced as eh-ye, el-ye, eh-je depending on the location.
Eh-ye is for the United States, Latin America, and the northern and southern parts of Spain.
El-ye is used in central Spain specifically in Madrid and the outlying areas.
Eh-je may be heard in Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.
*Rr- In pronouncing double R, it is important to pronounce it with a double rolling R to make the distinction because pronouncing them similarly will create ambiguity.
For example: pero (but) and perro (dog)
VOWELS
It was mentioned by Worden (2015) that the pronunciation of Spanish words is simpler than the pronunciation of words in the English language. The language learner produces the sound of the letter and keeps the sound short and uniform.
Furthermore, it was said that there are sounds in the Spanish language which are nonexistent in the English language. These can become a challenge to the learner as she begins learning Spanish.
The five vowels which are a, e, i, o, u has to be produced with just one sound in Spanish – just a short sound which stays from the start to finish, as mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language.
“A” – is seen as the easiest sound to create. This is the found in the common Spanish word “casa”.
“E” – creates the sound when the English word “bake” is pronounced except that it is not “eyyy” and does not close off at the end like in the English language.
“I” – creates the sound found in the English word “fee” but not pronounced as “iyyy”.
“O” – is much like the sound produced in the English word “toll” and not “owwww”.
“U” – makes the sound produced in “rule.”
Basic Expressions in Spanish
(From Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language)
Among the very common greetings in Spanish are hola (hello); ¿Qué tal? (How’s it going?); and ¿Cómo estás? and ¿Cómo está usted? (How are you?). ¿Cómo estás? is the informal way to say “How are you?” to someone. ¿Cómo está usted? also asks “How are you?” but is used with someone you address formally (Worden, 2015).
There are three ways to introduce yourself:
Me llamo Katrina (I call myself Katrina, or My name is Katrina])
Soy Katrina (I am Katrina);
Mi nombre es Katrina (My name is Katrina).
Common expressions used when you meet someone for the first time:
mucho gusto (nice to meet you);
encantado (pleased to meet you, masculine form);
encantada (pleased to meet you, feminine form);
Es un placer (It’s a pleasure);
Igualmente (likewise).
Greetings dependent on the time of day include:
buenos días or buen día (good morning);
buenas tardes (good afternoon)
buenas noches (good evening, or good night)
Ways to say “goodbye” include:
adiós (goodbye);
chao (bye);
hasta luego (see you later);
hasta mañana (see you tomorrow);
hasta pronto (see you soon)
nos vemos (see you)
Here are other common expressions:
Spanish
English
hola
hello
¿Qué tal?
How’s it going?
¿Cómo estás?
How are you? (informal, singular)
¿Cómo está usted?
How are you? (formal, singular)
¿Cómo están ustedes?
How are you? (formal, plural)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y tú?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(informal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y usted?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y ustedes?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, plural)
buenos días
good morning
buen día
good morning
buenas tardes
good afternoon
Me llamo….
My name is…
Soy….
I am…
Mi nombre es….
My name is…
¿Cómo te llamas?
What’s your name? (informal,
Singular)
¿Cómo se llama usted?
What’s your name? (formal,
Singular)
mucho gusto
nice to meet you
bien
well
Estoy bien.
I’m well.
mal
not well
Estoy mal.
I’m not well.
regular
so-so
más o menos
so-so
no muy bien
not very well
encantado
pleased to meet you (speaker
masculine)
encantada
pleased to meet you (speaker
feminine)
Es un placer
It’s a pleasure.
igualmente
likewise
gracias
thank you
muy
very
muy bien, gracias
very well, thank you
bastante bien
just fine
bienvenidos
welcome (plural)
adiós
goodbye
chao
bye
hasta luego
see you later
hasta mañana
see you tomorrow
hasta pronto
see you soon
nos vemos
see you
si
yes
nose
I don’t know.
De nada
You are welcome.
Que te vaya bien
Have a nice day.
Cuídate/Cuídese
Take care.
nunca
never
Con permiso/ Perdón/ Disculpe
Excuse me
Forms of Address
Spanish
English
Señora
Mrs. / Ms. / Ma’am
Señorita
Miss
Señor
Mister/Sir
Señorito
Single male
Profesor/Profesora
Professor
Maestro/Maestra
Teacher
Don/Doña
Sir/Madam
Chico(s)/Chica(s)
Guy/Guys
Guapo(s)/Guapa(s)
Mister/Miss (Spain)
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are used in both Spanish and English sentences (Nissenberg, 2018):
la coma comma
las comillas quotation marks
dos puntos colon
el paréntesis parenthesis
el punto y coma semicolon
el punto period
el signo de admiración exclamation point
el signo de exclamación exclamation point
el signo de interrogación question mark
ACTIVITY:
Write the words that have been spelled for you.
che – i – ce – o _________________________
zeta – a – pe – a – te – o __________________________________
u – ene – i – uve – e – ere – ese – i – de – a – de ________________
E – ese – pe – a – eñe – a __________________________________
hache – e – ere – eme – a – ene – o __________________________
Spell the following names:
Jose Dalisay ___________________________________
Kerima Polotan ________________________________
Pablo Neruda __________________________________
Haruki Murakami _______________________________
Miguel de Cervantes_____________________________
III.
Spell your name in Spanish.
Dictate your e-mail in Spanish
Introduce yourself in Spanish.
Work in pairs. Create a simple conversation with your classmate using at least four common expressions in Spanish. Present in class.
Suggested Readings/Video Links:
The Spanish Alphabet Song
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fporIAdys9A
The Alphabet | El Abecedario en Español | Alfabeto | Learn Spanish | Free Spanish Classes | Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWPuU5QyQDk
Essential Words in Spanish | Everyday Words | Vocabulary | Spanish Lessons | Palabras en Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZincdK3v8wU
References
Kattan-Ibarra, J., & Pountain, C. J. (2003). Modern Spanish Grammar A Practical Guide . New York: Routledge.
Nissenberg, G. (2018). Complete Spanish All-in-One. McGraw-Hill Education.
Worden, B. (2015). Learning Spanish How To Understand and Speak a New Language. Virginia: The Teaching Company.
FL 2 (Spanish) Central Luzon State University Science City of Muñoz 3120
FL 2 (Spanish)
Central Luzon State University
Science City of Muñoz 3120
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Instructional Module for the Course
FL 1101 (Spanish)
Module 1:
The Spanish Alphabet and Basic Expressions
Overview
In this module, we will focus on providing you an overview of the Spanish alphabet as well as the common expressions/greetings in the Spanish language.
As you complete this module, you are expected to know how to be able to recite the Spanish alphabet, use common Spanish expressions/ greetings and be able to introduce yourself in Spanish
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:
recite the Spanish alphabet
recite basic greetings/common expressions in Spanish
introduce yourself in Spanish
Discussion/Learning Activities
Language is connection. It is culture; it is life.
Learning other languages that are apart from one’s primary language would enable an individual to have a deeper understanding of one’s culture and that of others. Being able to communicate using another language encourages respect for other races – it fosters connection and understanding and allows people to expand their views of the world. It can put forth appreciation of the diversity of various cultures. And, in this time of pandemic, knowing another language can destroy the barriers between people – the barriers which can cause anxiety, distrust and fear.
Beyond academic and professional advancement, acquiring a second language allows an individual to be out of the confinements and narrowness of his own mind. It leads them out of the obscurity.
Furthermore, knowing other languages also gives a glimpse of the past: culturally and linguistically. It has uncovered the world’s histories. This is perchance the importance of learning a foreign language.
The Spanish Language
Recognized as either español or castellano, the Spanish language has its roots from the Iberian Peninsula in the region of Castile (Castilla in Spanish).
As mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language, the Spanish language is considered the third most spoken language in the world after Mandarin Chinese and English, according to the United Nations. It is also considered an official language in 20 countries and is one of the official languages of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico (Worden, 2015).
Learning the Spanish language is vital not only for expression of the self, for communication with various personalities or for career advancement but to allow an individual to be able to explore the diverse cultures where this rich, beautiful language is spoken.
Spanish- Speaking Countries
FluentU (https://www.fluentu.com/) has listed 20 Spanish-speaking countries in the globe. Below is a list of the Spanish- speaking countries and their capital cities:
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – La Paz, Sucre
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
Ecuador – Quito
El Salvador – San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Mexico – Mexico Cit
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Spain – Madrid
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
***Puerto Rico – San Juan – this Caribbean island is a territory of the United States
The Spanish Alphabet
(taken from Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide by Kattan-Ibarra and Pountain, 2003)
The Spanish Alphabet has 27 letters. [Hay 27 letras en el alfabeto español.]
These are the same 26 letters in the English alphabet but with the addition of the letter ñ:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Letter/Symbol
Name
Pronunciation
Examples
Notes/Comments
Aa
A
Ah
ama
Bb
Be
Be
bueno
Cc
Ce
(che)
Se
caro
encia
cuando
hecho
Dd
De
De
duro
Ee
E
Eh
merece
Ff
Efe
Efe
fama
Gg
Ge
He
gama
Hh
Hache
Atche
haba
hombre
*h is silent
Ii
I
I
mito
Jj
Jota
Hota
eje
Kk
Ka
Ka
kilo
Ll
Elle
Ele
leche
Mm
Eme
Eme
madre
Nn
Ene
Ene
vano
Ññ
Enye
Enye
señor
Oo
O
O
ojo
Pp
Pe
Pe
paso
Cu
Ku
queso
Rr
Ere
Ere
pero
Ss
Ese
Ese
paso
Tt
Te
Te
teme
Uu
U
U
fuma
Vv
Uve
Ube
vuelo
valor
vivir
“V” has the same pronunciation with “B”
Ww
Uve Doble /
Doble uve
Doble be
water
whisky
Xx
Equis
Ekis
examen
Yy
I griega
I griega
trayendo
Zz
Zeta
Ceta
zona
*Notes from Prof. Marilyn Proctor (2020)
*Ll – Double L may be pronounced as eh-ye, el-ye, eh-je depending on the location.
Eh-ye is for the United States, Latin America, and the northern and southern parts of Spain.
El-ye is used in central Spain specifically in Madrid and the outlying areas.
Eh-je may be heard in Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.
*Rr- In pronouncing double R, it is important to pronounce it with a double rolling R to make the distinction because pronouncing them similarly will create ambiguity.
For example: pero (but) and perro (dog)
VOWELS
It was mentioned by Worden (2015) that the pronunciation of Spanish words is simpler than the pronunciation of words in the English language. The language learner produces the sound of the letter and keeps the sound short and uniform.
Furthermore, it was said that there are sounds in the Spanish language which are nonexistent in the English language. These can become a challenge to the learner as she begins learning Spanish.
The five vowels which are a, e, i, o, u has to be produced with just one sound in Spanish – just a short sound which stays from the start to finish, as mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language.
“A” – is seen as the easiest sound to create. This is the found in the common Spanish word “casa”.
“E” – creates the sound when the English word “bake” is pronounced except that it is not “eyyy” and does not close off at the end like in the English language.
“I” – creates the sound found in the English word “fee” but not pronounced as “iyyy”.
“O” – is much like the sound produced in the English word “toll” and not “owwww”.
“U” – makes the sound produced in “rule.”
Basic Expressions in Spanish
(From Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language)
Among the very common greetings in Spanish are hola (hello); ¿Qué tal? (How’s it going?); and ¿Cómo estás? and ¿Cómo está usted? (How are you?). ¿Cómo estás? is the informal way to say “How are you?” to someone. ¿Cómo está usted? also asks “How are you?” but is used with someone you address formally (Worden, 2015).
There are three ways to introduce yourself:
Me llamo Katrina (I call myself Katrina, or My name is Katrina])
Soy Katrina (I am Katrina);
Mi nombre es Katrina (My name is Katrina).
Common expressions used when you meet someone for the first time:
mucho gusto (nice to meet you);
encantado (pleased to meet you, masculine form);
encantada (pleased to meet you, feminine form);
Es un placer (It’s a pleasure);
Igualmente (likewise).
Greetings dependent on the time of day include:
buenos días or buen día (good morning);
buenas tardes (good afternoon)
buenas noches (good evening, or good night)
Ways to say “goodbye” include:
adiós (goodbye);
chao (bye);
hasta luego (see you later);
hasta mañana (see you tomorrow);
hasta pronto (see you soon)
nos vemos (see you)
Here are other common expressions:
Spanish
English
hola
hello
¿Qué tal?
How’s it going?
¿Cómo estás?
How are you? (informal, singular)
¿Cómo está usted?
How are you? (formal, singular)
¿Cómo están ustedes?
How are you? (formal, plural)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y tú?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(informal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y usted?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y ustedes?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, plural)
buenos días
good morning
buen día
good morning
buenas tardes
good afternoon
Me llamo….
My name is…
Soy….
I am…
Mi nombre es….
My name is…
¿Cómo te llamas?
What’s your name? (informal,
Singular)
¿Cómo se llama usted?
What’s your name? (formal,
Singular)
mucho gusto
nice to meet you
bien
well
Estoy bien.
I’m well.
mal
not well
Estoy mal.
I’m not well.
regular
so-so
más o menos
so-so
no muy bien
not very well
encantado
pleased to meet you (speaker
masculine)
encantada
pleased to meet you (speaker
feminine)
Es un placer
It’s a pleasure.
igualmente
likewise
gracias
thank you
muy
very
muy bien, gracias
very well, thank you
bastante bien
just fine
bienvenidos
welcome (plural)
adiós
goodbye
chao
bye
hasta luego
see you later
hasta mañana
see you tomorrow
hasta pronto
see you soon
nos vemos
see you
si
yes
nose
I don’t know.
De nada
You are welcome.
Que te vaya bien
Have a nice day.
Cuídate/Cuídese
Take care.
nunca
never
Con permiso/ Perdón/ Disculpe
Excuse me
Forms of Address
Spanish
English
Señora
Mrs. / Ms. / Ma’am
Señorita
Miss
Señor
Mister/Sir
Señorito
Single male
Profesor/Profesora
Professor
Maestro/Maestra
Teacher
Don/Doña
Sir/Madam
Chico(s)/Chica(s)
Guy/Guys
Guapo(s)/Guapa(s)
Mister/Miss (Spain)
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are used in both Spanish and English sentences (Nissenberg, 2018):
la coma comma
las comillas quotation marks
dos puntos colon
el paréntesis parenthesis
el punto y coma semicolon
el punto period
el signo de admiración exclamation point
el signo de exclamación exclamation point
el signo de interrogación question mark
ACTIVITY:
Write the words that have been spelled for you.
che – i – ce – o _________________________
zeta – a – pe – a – te – o __________________________________
u – ene – i – uve – e – ere – ese – i – de – a – de ________________
E – ese – pe – a – eñe – a __________________________________
hache – e – ere – eme – a – ene – o __________________________
Spell the following names:
Jose Dalisay ___________________________________
Kerima Polotan ________________________________
Pablo Neruda __________________________________
Haruki Murakami _______________________________
Miguel de Cervantes_____________________________
III.
Spell your name in Spanish.
Dictate your e-mail in Spanish
Introduce yourself in Spanish.
Work in pairs. Create a simple conversation with your classmate using at least four common expressions in Spanish. Present in class.
Suggested Readings/Video Links:
The Spanish Alphabet Song
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fporIAdys9A
The Alphabet | El Abecedario en Español | Alfabeto | Learn Spanish | Free Spanish Classes | Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWPuU5QyQDk
Essential Words in Spanish | Everyday Words | Vocabulary | Spanish Lessons | Palabras en Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZincdK3v8wU
References
Kattan-Ibarra, J., & Pountain, C. J. (2003). Modern Spanish Grammar A Practical Guide . New York: Routledge.
Nissenberg, G. (2018). Complete Spanish All-in-One. McGraw-Hill Education.
Worden, B. (2015). Learning Spanish How To Understand and Speak a New Language. Virginia: The Teaching Company.
Page 3 of 3[supanova_question]
FL 2 (Spanish) Central Luzon State University Science City of Muñoz 3120
FL 2 (Spanish)
Central Luzon State University
Science City of Muñoz 3120
Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Instructional Module for the Course
FL 1101 (Spanish)
Module 1:
The Spanish Alphabet and Basic Expressions
Overview
In this module, we will focus on providing you an overview of the Spanish alphabet as well as the common expressions/greetings in the Spanish language.
As you complete this module, you are expected to know how to be able to recite the Spanish alphabet, use common Spanish expressions/ greetings and be able to introduce yourself in Spanish
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you are expected to:
recite the Spanish alphabet
recite basic greetings/common expressions in Spanish
introduce yourself in Spanish
Discussion/Learning Activities
Language is connection. It is culture; it is life.
Learning other languages that are apart from one’s primary language would enable an individual to have a deeper understanding of one’s culture and that of others. Being able to communicate using another language encourages respect for other races – it fosters connection and understanding and allows people to expand their views of the world. It can put forth appreciation of the diversity of various cultures. And, in this time of pandemic, knowing another language can destroy the barriers between people – the barriers which can cause anxiety, distrust and fear.
Beyond academic and professional advancement, acquiring a second language allows an individual to be out of the confinements and narrowness of his own mind. It leads them out of the obscurity.
Furthermore, knowing other languages also gives a glimpse of the past: culturally and linguistically. It has uncovered the world’s histories. This is perchance the importance of learning a foreign language.
The Spanish Language
Recognized as either español or castellano, the Spanish language has its roots from the Iberian Peninsula in the region of Castile (Castilla in Spanish).
As mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language, the Spanish language is considered the third most spoken language in the world after Mandarin Chinese and English, according to the United Nations. It is also considered an official language in 20 countries and is one of the official languages of the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico (Worden, 2015).
Learning the Spanish language is vital not only for expression of the self, for communication with various personalities or for career advancement but to allow an individual to be able to explore the diverse cultures where this rich, beautiful language is spoken.
Spanish- Speaking Countries
FluentU (https://www.fluentu.com/) has listed 20 Spanish-speaking countries in the globe. Below is a list of the Spanish- speaking countries and their capital cities:
Argentina – Buenos Aires
Bolivia – La Paz, Sucre
Chile – Santiago
Colombia – Bogotá
Costa Rica – San José
Cuba – Havana
Dominican Republic – Santo Domingo
Ecuador – Quito
El Salvador – San Salvador
Equatorial Guinea – Malabo
Guatemala – Guatemala City
Honduras – Tegucigalpa
Mexico – Mexico Cit
Nicaragua – Managua
Panama – Panama City
Paraguay – Asunción
Peru – Lima
Spain – Madrid
Uruguay – Montevideo
Venezuela – Caracas
***Puerto Rico – San Juan – this Caribbean island is a territory of the United States
The Spanish Alphabet
(taken from Modern Spanish Grammar: A Practical Guide by Kattan-Ibarra and Pountain, 2003)
The Spanish Alphabet has 27 letters. [Hay 27 letras en el alfabeto español.]
These are the same 26 letters in the English alphabet but with the addition of the letter ñ:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, Ñ, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z
Letter/Symbol
Name
Pronunciation
Examples
Notes/Comments
Aa
A
Ah
ama
Bb
Be
Be
bueno
Cc
Ce
(che)
Se
caro
encia
cuando
hecho
Dd
De
De
duro
Ee
E
Eh
merece
Ff
Efe
Efe
fama
Gg
Ge
He
gama
Hh
Hache
Atche
haba
hombre
*h is silent
Ii
I
I
mito
Jj
Jota
Hota
eje
Kk
Ka
Ka
kilo
Ll
Elle
Ele
leche
Mm
Eme
Eme
madre
Nn
Ene
Ene
vano
Ññ
Enye
Enye
señor
Oo
O
O
ojo
Pp
Pe
Pe
paso
Cu
Ku
queso
Rr
Ere
Ere
pero
Ss
Ese
Ese
paso
Tt
Te
Te
teme
Uu
U
U
fuma
Vv
Uve
Ube
vuelo
valor
vivir
“V” has the same pronunciation with “B”
Ww
Uve Doble /
Doble uve
Doble be
water
whisky
Xx
Equis
Ekis
examen
Yy
I griega
I griega
trayendo
Zz
Zeta
Ceta
zona
*Notes from Prof. Marilyn Proctor (2020)
*Ll – Double L may be pronounced as eh-ye, el-ye, eh-je depending on the location.
Eh-ye is for the United States, Latin America, and the northern and southern parts of Spain.
El-ye is used in central Spain specifically in Madrid and the outlying areas.
Eh-je may be heard in Bolivia, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina.
*Rr- In pronouncing double R, it is important to pronounce it with a double rolling R to make the distinction because pronouncing them similarly will create ambiguity.
For example: pero (but) and perro (dog)
VOWELS
It was mentioned by Worden (2015) that the pronunciation of Spanish words is simpler than the pronunciation of words in the English language. The language learner produces the sound of the letter and keeps the sound short and uniform.
Furthermore, it was said that there are sounds in the Spanish language which are nonexistent in the English language. These can become a challenge to the learner as she begins learning Spanish.
The five vowels which are a, e, i, o, u has to be produced with just one sound in Spanish – just a short sound which stays from the start to finish, as mentioned in Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language.
“A” – is seen as the easiest sound to create. This is the found in the common Spanish word “casa”.
“E” – creates the sound when the English word “bake” is pronounced except that it is not “eyyy” and does not close off at the end like in the English language.
“I” – creates the sound found in the English word “fee” but not pronounced as “iyyy”.
“O” – is much like the sound produced in the English word “toll” and not “owwww”.
“U” – makes the sound produced in “rule.”
Basic Expressions in Spanish
(From Learning Spanish How to Understand and Speak a New Language)
Among the very common greetings in Spanish are hola (hello); ¿Qué tal? (How’s it going?); and ¿Cómo estás? and ¿Cómo está usted? (How are you?). ¿Cómo estás? is the informal way to say “How are you?” to someone. ¿Cómo está usted? also asks “How are you?” but is used with someone you address formally (Worden, 2015).
There are three ways to introduce yourself:
Me llamo Katrina (I call myself Katrina, or My name is Katrina])
Soy Katrina (I am Katrina);
Mi nombre es Katrina (My name is Katrina).
Common expressions used when you meet someone for the first time:
mucho gusto (nice to meet you);
encantado (pleased to meet you, masculine form);
encantada (pleased to meet you, feminine form);
Es un placer (It’s a pleasure);
Igualmente (likewise).
Greetings dependent on the time of day include:
buenos días or buen día (good morning);
buenas tardes (good afternoon)
buenas noches (good evening, or good night)
Ways to say “goodbye” include:
adiós (goodbye);
chao (bye);
hasta luego (see you later);
hasta mañana (see you tomorrow);
hasta pronto (see you soon)
nos vemos (see you)
Here are other common expressions:
Spanish
English
hola
hello
¿Qué tal?
How’s it going?
¿Cómo estás?
How are you? (informal, singular)
¿Cómo está usted?
How are you? (formal, singular)
¿Cómo están ustedes?
How are you? (formal, plural)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y tú?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(informal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y usted?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, singular)
Bien, gracias. ¿Y ustedes?
Fine, thanks. And you?
(formal, plural)
buenos días
good morning
buen día
good morning
buenas tardes
good afternoon
Me llamo….
My name is…
Soy….
I am…
Mi nombre es….
My name is…
¿Cómo te llamas?
What’s your name? (informal,
Singular)
¿Cómo se llama usted?
What’s your name? (formal,
Singular)
mucho gusto
nice to meet you
bien
well
Estoy bien.
I’m well.
mal
not well
Estoy mal.
I’m not well.
regular
so-so
más o menos
so-so
no muy bien
not very well
encantado
pleased to meet you (speaker
masculine)
encantada
pleased to meet you (speaker
feminine)
Es un placer
It’s a pleasure.
igualmente
likewise
gracias
thank you
muy
very
muy bien, gracias
very well, thank you
bastante bien
just fine
bienvenidos
welcome (plural)
adiós
goodbye
chao
bye
hasta luego
see you later
hasta mañana
see you tomorrow
hasta pronto
see you soon
nos vemos
see you
si
yes
nose
I don’t know.
De nada
You are welcome.
Que te vaya bien
Have a nice day.
Cuídate/Cuídese
Take care.
nunca
never
Con permiso/ Perdón/ Disculpe
Excuse me
Forms of Address
Spanish
English
Señora
Mrs. / Ms. / Ma’am
Señorita
Miss
Señor
Mister/Sir
Señorito
Single male
Profesor/Profesora
Professor
Maestro/Maestra
Teacher
Don/Doña
Sir/Madam
Chico(s)/Chica(s)
Guy/Guys
Guapo(s)/Guapa(s)
Mister/Miss (Spain)
Punctuation Marks
The following punctuation marks are used in both Spanish and English sentences (Nissenberg, 2018):
la coma comma
las comillas quotation marks
dos puntos colon
el paréntesis parenthesis
el punto y coma semicolon
el punto period
el signo de admiración exclamation point
el signo de exclamación exclamation point
el signo de interrogación question mark
ACTIVITY:
Write the words that have been spelled for you.
che – i – ce – o _________________________
zeta – a – pe – a – te – o __________________________________
u – ene – i – uve – e – ere – ese – i – de – a – de ________________
E – ese – pe – a – eñe – a __________________________________
hache – e – ere – eme – a – ene – o __________________________
Spell the following names:
Jose Dalisay ___________________________________
Kerima Polotan ________________________________
Pablo Neruda __________________________________
Haruki Murakami _______________________________
Miguel de Cervantes_____________________________
III.
Spell your name in Spanish.
Dictate your e-mail in Spanish
Introduce yourself in Spanish.
Work in pairs. Create a simple conversation with your classmate using at least four common expressions in Spanish. Present in class.
Suggested Readings/Video Links:
The Spanish Alphabet Song
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fporIAdys9A
The Alphabet | El Abecedario en Español | Alfabeto | Learn Spanish | Free Spanish Classes | Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWPuU5QyQDk
Essential Words in Spanish | Everyday Words | Vocabulary | Spanish Lessons | Palabras en Español
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZincdK3v8wU
References
Kattan-Ibarra, J., & Pountain, C. J. (2003). Modern Spanish Grammar A Practical Guide . New York: Routledge.
Nissenberg, G. (2018). Complete Spanish All-in-One. McGraw-Hill Education.
Worden, B. (2015). Learning Spanish How To Understand and Speak a New Language. Virginia: The Teaching Company.
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