Any topic (writer’s choice)

Homework Help / By Expert Tutor Ron

To understand leadership development from the perspective of the organization and developer, you must also understand it from the perspective of the learner. The first assignment is an action learning project to help you reflect on the learning and development process from the perspective of the learner. You will do the following to complete this assignment:[supanova_question]

Any topic (writer’s choice)

Assignment: Legal Liability and the Gig Economy Uber is largely hailed as

Writing Assignment Help Assignment: Legal Liability and the Gig Economy

Uber is largely hailed as the advent of the gig economy, which is the idea that people do not work as permanent employees for one employer but instead work in a labor market characterized by short-term contracts or freelance work. While creating a new type of entrepreneurship for individuals, a gig economy raises a host of new legal questions about the law of agency for companies utilizing gig workers.

Your boss at an investment firm has asked you to evaluate Uber’s legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers, given the information below and identify, and to explain the law and legal liability in this vast new gig economy world.

Write a 3–4-page interoffice memo in which you do the following:

Summarize the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Analyze the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Identify the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure due to the conduct of its drivers.

Include at least three quality references. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not count as quality references.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Your news brief or memo should include a heading, summary statement, background, and recommendations.

Typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with 1-inch margins on all sides.

Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is as follows:

Establish what liability concerns exist for a specific business based on agency law.

Unacceptable

Needs Improvement

Competent

Exemplary

Summarize the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

35.625 (18.75%)

Partially summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

40.375 (21.25%)

Satisfactorily summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

47.5 (25.00%)

Thoroughly summarized the

main principles of agency law

as they relate to Uber’s

relationship with its drivers.

Analyze the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

42.75 (22.50%)

Partially analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

48.45 (25.50%)

Satisfactorily analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

57 (30.00%)

Thoroughly analyzed the

circumstances under which

Uber might be liable for the

conduct of a driver who, while

intoxicated, caused an

accident involving personal

property damage and bodily

injury.

Identify the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

42.75 (22.50%)

Partially identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

48.45 (25.50%)

Satisfactorily identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

57 (30.00%)

Thoroughly identified the

steps Uber can take, if any, to

limit its legal exposure for the

conduct of its drivers.

Cite three references.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

No references provided.

Points:

7.125 (3.75%)

Does not meet the required number of references; some or all references are poor quality choices.

Points:

8.075 (4.25%)

Meets the number of required references; all references are high quality choices.

Points:

9.5 (5.00%)

Exceeds the number of

required references; all

references are high quality

choices.

Clarity, writing mechanics, and formatting requirements.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

More than 6 errors present.

Points:

14.25 (7.50%)

5–6 errors present.

Points:

16.15 (8.50%)

3–4 errors present.

Points:

19 (10.00%)

0–2 errors present. [supanova_question]

Throughout the term we have been focusing on several key areas including

Throughout the term we have been focusing on several key areas including but not exclusively: at what point does something become art? What are its features? What are the social processes that contribute to becoming art? What is its place in society? how does this happen and why? Does the product change when it becomes art? If so how and why? Who consumes the art before and after being declared as art? What is the impact of this on society?

For this project you will need to consider the above questions amongst others to determine how and why a product becomes art.

Choose a specific art type, genre or a specific piece and chart its evolution towards being defined as art. Use as many of the above questions or others you generate to demonstrate how an art type becomes art.

There are many different directions and additional questions you can answer for the assignment so these questions should be viewed as a starting point. Please remember that while there are descriptive elements of the assignment, it should be analytical at its core.

Please remember that all items included in your bibliography needed to have been used within the text of your paper and all items cited in your paper need to be included in your bibliography. Failure to do so could be construed as plagiarism and appropriate actions will be taken.

I do not have a preferred citation style just that it is used and used consistently. A citation style suggestion could be:

In the case of a book:

Aileen Ribeiro. Clothing Art: The Visual Culture of Fashion 1600-1914 (Yale University Press, 2017).

In the case of a journal article:

Terence Chong. “The State and the New Society: The Role of the Arts in Singapore Nation- building” Asian Studies Review 2010 34: 131-149.

Citations in text should include the author’s last name, the year of publication and page number. For example: (Wouters, 2009: 147).

Grading scheme

“E” paper (below 50)

-doesn’t meet many if any of the course requirements

-either no discernible, or seriously flawed argument -wide-ranging failings in structuring and/or clarity of writing which limits the capacity to communicate ideas and arguments

“D” paper (50-59)

-honest effort

-incomplete ideas, concepts and lack of direction and sources,

opinion paper (not scholarly) with no reliable data to justify position

little or no evidence of familiarity with topic area – sources not used to support substantive assertions or argument – evidence that relevant material is

adequately understood but there are gaps or missteps – evidence of a general critical stance, although material not consistently evaluated

use of a range of appropriate sources, but without critical evaluation

argument is let down by occasional confusion or flaws

failings in overall structuring and/or clarity of writing, did not effectively communicate argument

“C” paper (60-69)

-builds on the “D” paper

-addresses a topic coherently although brief discussion of material – writes quote to quote with little original material or thought (for example, all six sentences in the paragraph are quotes rather than a discussion of material)

material is broadly understood, but with significant gaps or misapprehensions

limited critical evaluation in some areas, with some lost opportunities for elaboration or

misunderstandings

limited and uncritical use of a restricted range of sources

argument is sometimes trivial, confused or flawed

“B” paper (70-79)

-is reasonably well written and coherent

-has a clear sense of direction

-able to demonstrate connections between ideas, concept and evidence

-a systematic attempt to relate material to the topic

-demonstrates some critical thinking

-evidence of some knowledge of the material, without major misapprehensions

-evidence of good critical appreciation and evaluation of relevant theoretical frameworks

-research argument is sound and substantial, although not original -generally well-structured and expressed

-ideas and arguments communicated clearly

“A” paper (80+)

is innovative

incorporates a theoretical perspective – not just a couple of sentences, but makes a substantive link between subject and theory – goes above and beyond the basic paper requirements

is well written and engages with material, definitions, etc.

is written with a critical eye (engages with the subject and the material in a critical way)

use a wide range of appropriate sources to indicate personal research, and with full critical awareness of their status and relevance

argument is sound and substantial, with significant elements of originality

an assignment whose clear structure and expression significantly enhances the author’s argument

It should be noted that grades at the upper or lower end of a grade range will reflect elements from the prior or next grade classification.

A few tips:

If you are using data from other countries, do not assume that it reflects Canadian (or other trends occurring in other countries) trends. Use data and materials related to the region of which you are writing.

Be clear about the direction of your paper – include a thesis statement to help guide your reader (and yourself).

Define your terms – this aids in clarity of your thinking and logic. This also makes clear what you are and are not analysing and then using to make your argument.

Avoid generalizations (using “all” to indicate the widespread occurrence of a phenomenon that may not be so widespread).[supanova_question]

Any topic (writer’s choice)

Homework Help / By Expert Tutor Ron

Any topic (writer’s choice)

Assignment: Legal Liability and the Gig Economy Uber is largely hailed as

Writing Assignment Help Assignment: Legal Liability and the Gig Economy

Write a 3–4-page interoffice memo in which you do the following:

Summarize the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Analyze the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Identify the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure due to the conduct of its drivers.

Include at least three quality references. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not count as quality references.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Your news brief or memo should include a heading, summary statement, background, and recommendations.

Typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with 1-inch margins on all sides.

The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is as follows:

Establish what liability concerns exist for a specific business based on agency law.

Unacceptable

Needs Improvement

Competent

Exemplary

Summarize the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

35.625 (18.75%)

Partially summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

40.375 (21.25%)

Satisfactorily summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

47.5 (25.00%)

Thoroughly summarized the

main principles of agency law

as they relate to Uber’s

relationship with its drivers.

Analyze the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Points:

42.75 (22.50%)

Partially analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

48.45 (25.50%)

Satisfactorily analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

57 (30.00%)

Thoroughly analyzed the

circumstances under which

Uber might be liable for the

conduct of a driver who, while

intoxicated, caused an

accident involving personal

property damage and bodily

injury.

Identify the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

42.75 (22.50%)

Partially identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

48.45 (25.50%)

Satisfactorily identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

57 (30.00%)

Thoroughly identified the

steps Uber can take, if any, to

limit its legal exposure for the

conduct of its drivers.

Cite three references.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

No references provided.

Points:

7.125 (3.75%)

Does not meet the required number of references; some or all references are poor quality choices.

Points:

8.075 (4.25%)

Meets the number of required references; all references are high quality choices.

Points:

9.5 (5.00%)

Exceeds the number of

required references; all

references are high quality

choices.

Clarity, writing mechanics, and formatting requirements.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

More than 6 errors present.

Points:

14.25 (7.50%)

5–6 errors present.

Points:

16.15 (8.50%)

3–4 errors present.

Points:

19 (10.00%)

0–2 errors present. [supanova_question]

Throughout the term we have been focusing on several key areas including

For this project you will need to consider the above questions amongst others to determine how and why a product becomes art.

I do not have a preferred citation style just that it is used and used consistently. A citation style suggestion could be:

In the case of a book:

Aileen Ribeiro. Clothing Art: The Visual Culture of Fashion 1600-1914 (Yale University Press, 2017).

In the case of a journal article:

Terence Chong. “The State and the New Society: The Role of the Arts in Singapore Nation- building” Asian Studies Review 2010 34: 131-149.

Citations in text should include the author’s last name, the year of publication and page number. For example: (Wouters, 2009: 147).

Grading scheme

“E” paper (below 50)

-doesn’t meet many if any of the course requirements

-either no discernible, or seriously flawed argument -wide-ranging failings in structuring and/or clarity of writing which limits the capacity to communicate ideas and arguments

“D” paper (50-59)

-honest effort

-incomplete ideas, concepts and lack of direction and sources,

opinion paper (not scholarly) with no reliable data to justify position

little or no evidence of familiarity with topic area – sources not used to support substantive assertions or argument – evidence that relevant material is

adequately understood but there are gaps or missteps – evidence of a general critical stance, although material not consistently evaluated

use of a range of appropriate sources, but without critical evaluation

argument is let down by occasional confusion or flaws

failings in overall structuring and/or clarity of writing, did not effectively communicate argument

“C” paper (60-69)

-builds on the “D” paper

material is broadly understood, but with significant gaps or misapprehensions

limited critical evaluation in some areas, with some lost opportunities for elaboration or

misunderstandings

limited and uncritical use of a restricted range of sources

argument is sometimes trivial, confused or flawed

“B” paper (70-79)

-is reasonably well written and coherent

-has a clear sense of direction

-able to demonstrate connections between ideas, concept and evidence

-a systematic attempt to relate material to the topic

-demonstrates some critical thinking

-evidence of some knowledge of the material, without major misapprehensions

-evidence of good critical appreciation and evaluation of relevant theoretical frameworks

-research argument is sound and substantial, although not original -generally well-structured and expressed

-ideas and arguments communicated clearly

“A” paper (80+)

is innovative

incorporates a theoretical perspective – not just a couple of sentences, but makes a substantive link between subject and theory – goes above and beyond the basic paper requirements

is well written and engages with material, definitions, etc.

is written with a critical eye (engages with the subject and the material in a critical way)

use a wide range of appropriate sources to indicate personal research, and with full critical awareness of their status and relevance

argument is sound and substantial, with significant elements of originality

an assignment whose clear structure and expression significantly enhances the author’s argument

It should be noted that grades at the upper or lower end of a grade range will reflect elements from the prior or next grade classification.

A few tips:

Be clear about the direction of your paper – include a thesis statement to help guide your reader (and yourself).

Define your terms – this aids in clarity of your thinking and logic. This also makes clear what you are and are not analysing and then using to make your argument.

Avoid generalizations (using “all” to indicate the widespread occurrence of a phenomenon that may not be so widespread).[supanova_question]

Any topic (writer’s choice)

Homework Help / By Expert Tutor Ron

Instructions Use APA format style. And create reference page Planning a Study

Instructions

Use APA format style.

And create reference page

Planning a Study Worksheet

Section I. Instructions: Design the first part a study using quantitative data on three topics of interest to you. Complete each of the following parts of the design:

1. Topic:

Research question:

Hypothesis:

Your independent variable of the hypothesis above:

Your dependent variable of the hypothesis:

The unit of analysis for your study: _________________________

2. Topic:

Research question:

Hypothesis:

Your independent variable of the hypothesis above:

Your dependent variable of the hypothesis:

The unit of analysis for your study: _________________________

3. Topic:

Research question:

Hypothesis:

Your independent variable of the hypothesis above:

Your dependent variable of the hypothesis:

The unit of analysis for your study: _________________________

Section II. Instructions: Identify the unit of analysis for each of the following research topics:

1. How people have modified shopping behavior as a result of technology

2. How are individuals with major mental disorders portrayed on prime-time television series

3. Do street gangs exhibit characteristics of teamwork

4. Are there common themes in suicide note

5. What are the factors that foster group creativity

Section III. Instructions: Please review the website The Owl at Purdue: APA Style Guide by following this link: https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html

Using APA Format, create a reference page using the sources below.

Article in Journal:

Authors: Robin Engels and Eric Silver

Date: 2001

Title: Policing Mentally Disordered Suspects: A Reexamination of the Criminalization Hypothesis

Journal: Criminology

Volume: 39

Issue: 1

Pages: 225-252

Book:

Authors: John Monahan, Henry Steadman, Eric Silver, Paul Appelbaum, Pamala Clark Robbins, Edward Mulvey, Loren Roth, Thomas Grisso, and Steven Banks

Date: 2001

Title: Rethinking Risk Assessment: The MacArthur Study of Mental Disorder and Violence

Publisher: Oxford University Press

City and State of Publisher: New York, NY

Article or Chapter in an Edited Book:

Authors of Chapter: Virginia Hiday and Pamela Burns

Date: 2010

Title of Chapter: Mental Illness and the Criminal Justice System

Pages of Chapter: 478-498

Editors of Book: Theresa Scheid and Nancy Brown

Title of Book: A Handbook for the Study of Mental Health: Social Contexts, Theories, and Systems

Publisher: Cambridge University Press.

City and State of Publisher: New York, NY

Government Source:

Author: Pamala Ditton

Date of Report: May 1999

Report Title: Special report: Mental Health Treatment of Inmates and Probationers

Publication Number: NVJ 174463

Publishing Agency: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics

City and State of Publication: Washington, D.C.

Website:

Authors: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Title: Resources for Families dealing with Mental and Substance Use Disorders

Last Updated: 10/24/2019

Web Address: https://www.samhsa.gov/families

References[supanova_question]

Any topic (writer’s choice)

Writing Assignment Help To understand leadership development from the perspective of the organization and developer, you must also understand it from the perspective of the learner. The first assignment is an action learning project to help you reflect on the learning and development process from the perspective of the learner. You will do the following to complete this assignment: [supanova_question]

Any topic (writer’s choice)

Assignment: Legal Liability and the Gig Economy Uber is largely hailed as

Assignment: Legal Liability and the Gig Economy

Write a 3–4-page interoffice memo in which you do the following:

Summarize the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Analyze the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Identify the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure due to the conduct of its drivers.

Include at least three quality references. Note: Wikipedia and similar websites do not count as quality references.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Your news brief or memo should include a heading, summary statement, background, and recommendations.

Typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with 1-inch margins on all sides.

The specific course learning outcome associated with this assignment is as follows:

Establish what liability concerns exist for a specific business based on agency law.

Unacceptable

Needs Improvement

Competent

Exemplary

Summarize the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

35.625 (18.75%)

Partially summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

40.375 (21.25%)

Satisfactorily summarized the main principles of agency law as they relate to Uber’s relationship with its drivers.

Points:

47.5 (25.00%)

Thoroughly summarized the

main principles of agency law

as they relate to Uber’s

relationship with its drivers.

Analyze the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Points:

42.75 (22.50%)

Partially analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct of a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

48.45 (25.50%)

Satisfactorily analyzed the circumstances under which Uber might be liable for the conduct a driver who, while intoxicated, caused an accident involving personal property damage and bodily injury.

Points:

57 (30.00%)

Thoroughly analyzed the

circumstances under which

Uber might be liable for the

conduct of a driver who, while

intoxicated, caused an

accident involving personal

property damage and bodily

injury.

Identify the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

Did not submit or incompletely identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

42.75 (22.50%)

Partially identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

48.45 (25.50%)

Satisfactorily identified the steps Uber can take, if any, to limit its legal exposure for the conduct of its drivers.

Points:

57 (30.00%)

Thoroughly identified the

steps Uber can take, if any, to

limit its legal exposure for the

conduct of its drivers.

Cite three references.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

No references provided.

Points:

7.125 (3.75%)

Does not meet the required number of references; some or all references are poor quality choices.

Points:

8.075 (4.25%)

Meets the number of required references; all references are high quality choices.

Points:

9.5 (5.00%)

Exceeds the number of

required references; all

references are high quality

choices.

Clarity, writing mechanics, and formatting requirements.

Points:

0 (0.00%)

More than 6 errors present.

Points:

14.25 (7.50%)

5–6 errors present.

Points:

16.15 (8.50%)

3–4 errors present.

Points:

19 (10.00%)

0–2 errors present.[supanova_question]

Throughout the term we have been focusing on several key areas including

For this project you will need to consider the above questions amongst others to determine how and why a product becomes art.

I do not have a preferred citation style just that it is used and used consistently. A citation style suggestion could be:

In the case of a book:

Aileen Ribeiro. Clothing Art: The Visual Culture of Fashion 1600-1914 (Yale University Press, 2017).

In the case of a journal article:

Terence Chong. “The State and the New Society: The Role of the Arts in Singapore Nation- building” Asian Studies Review 2010 34: 131-149.

Citations in text should include the author’s last name, the year of publication and page number. For example: (Wouters, 2009: 147).

Grading scheme

“E” paper (below 50)

-doesn’t meet many if any of the course requirements

-either no discernible, or seriously flawed argument -wide-ranging failings in structuring and/or clarity of writing which limits the capacity to communicate ideas and arguments

“D” paper (50-59)

-honest effort

-incomplete ideas, concepts and lack of direction and sources,

opinion paper (not scholarly) with no reliable data to justify position

little or no evidence of familiarity with topic area – sources not used to support substantive assertions or argument – evidence that relevant material is

adequately understood but there are gaps or missteps – evidence of a general critical stance, although material not consistently evaluated

use of a range of appropriate sources, but without critical evaluation

argument is let down by occasional confusion or flaws

failings in overall structuring and/or clarity of writing, did not effectively communicate argument

“C” paper (60-69)

-builds on the “D” paper

material is broadly understood, but with significant gaps or misapprehensions

limited critical evaluation in some areas, with some lost opportunities for elaboration or

misunderstandings

limited and uncritical use of a restricted range of sources

argument is sometimes trivial, confused or flawed

“B” paper (70-79)

-is reasonably well written and coherent

-has a clear sense of direction

-able to demonstrate connections between ideas, concept and evidence

-a systematic attempt to relate material to the topic

-demonstrates some critical thinking

-evidence of some knowledge of the material, without major misapprehensions

-evidence of good critical appreciation and evaluation of relevant theoretical frameworks

-research argument is sound and substantial, although not original -generally well-structured and expressed

-ideas and arguments communicated clearly

“A” paper (80+)

is innovative

incorporates a theoretical perspective – not just a couple of sentences, but makes a substantive link between subject and theory – goes above and beyond the basic paper requirements

is well written and engages with material, definitions, etc.

is written with a critical eye (engages with the subject and the material in a critical way)

use a wide range of appropriate sources to indicate personal research, and with full critical awareness of their status and relevance

argument is sound and substantial, with significant elements of originality

an assignment whose clear structure and expression significantly enhances the author’s argument

It should be noted that grades at the upper or lower end of a grade range will reflect elements from the prior or next grade classification.

A few tips:

Be clear about the direction of your paper – include a thesis statement to help guide your reader (and yourself).

Define your terms – this aids in clarity of your thinking and logic. This also makes clear what you are and are not analysing and then using to make your argument.

Avoid generalizations (using “all” to indicate the widespread occurrence of a phenomenon that may not be so widespread).[supanova_question]